leetcode-142-linked-list-cycle-ii

Description

Given a linked list, return the node where the cycle begins. If there is no cycle, return null.

To represent a cycle in the given linked list, we use an integer pos which represents the position (0-indexed) in the linked list where tail connects to. If pos is -1, then there is no cycle in the linked list.

Note: Do not modify the linked list.

Example 1:

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Input: head = [3,2,0,-4], pos = 1
Output: tail connects to node index 1
Explanation: There is a cycle in the linked list, where tail connects to the second node.

Example 2:

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Input: head = [1,2], pos = 0
Output: tail connects to node index 0
Explanation: There is a cycle in the linked list, where tail connects to the first node.

Example 3:

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Input: head = [1], pos = -1
Output: no cycle
Explanation: There is no cycle in the linked list.

思路0

哈希表,如果我們用一個 Set 保存已經訪問過的節點，我們可以遍歷整個列表並返回第壹個出現重復的節點。

public class Solution {
    public ListNode detectCycle(ListNode head) {
        Set<ListNode> visited = new HashSet<ListNode>();

        ListNode node = head;
        while (node != null) {
            if (visited.contains(node)) {
                return node;
            }
            visited.add(node);
            node = node.next;
        }

        return null;
    }
}

####思路1

Floyd 算法,Floyd 的算法被劃分成兩個不同的階段。在第壹階段，找出列表中是否有環，如果沒有環，可以直接返回 null 並退出。否則，用相遇節點來找到環的入口。

public class Solution {
    private ListNode getIntersect(ListNode head) {
        ListNode tortoise = head;
        ListNode hare = head;

        // A fast pointer will either loop around a cycle and meet the slow
        // pointer or reach the `null` at the end of a non-cyclic list.
        while (hare != null && hare.next != null) {
            tortoise = tortoise.next;
            hare = hare.next.next;
            if (tortoise == hare) {
                return tortoise;
            }
        }

        return null;
}

    public ListNode detectCycle(ListNode head) {
        if (head == null) {
            return null;
        }

        // If there is a cycle, the fast/slow pointers will intersect at some
        // node. Otherwise, there is no cycle, so we cannot find an e***ance to
        // a cycle.
        ListNode intersect = getIntersect(head);
        if (intersect == null) {
            return null;
        }

        // To find the e***ance to the cycle, we have two pointers traverse at
        // the same speed -- one from the front of the list, and the other from
        // the point of intersection.
        ListNode ptr1 = head;
        ListNode ptr2 = intersect;
        while (ptr1 != ptr2) {
            ptr1 = ptr1.next;
            ptr2 = ptr2.next;
        }

        return ptr1;
    }
}